转载分享｜语言学系“理论语言学系列讲座”第十七期

语言学系理论语言学系列讲座

第十七期

达拉崩吧：王浩然杀死了词语和规则巨龙

Jabberwocky:  The Slithy Toves Slay Words and Rules

Alec Marantz

Professor of Linguistics and Psychology

Faculty of Arts and Science，New York University

纽约大学人文与科学学部语言学与心理学教授

腾讯会议ID：871 683 714

2023年3月31日，20:00-22:00

亚历克·马兰茨（Alec Marantz），美国语言学家，主要从事句法学、形态学及神经语言学领域的研究工作。2007年前就职于麻省理工学院并担任Kenan Sahin语言学教授和KIT/MIT MEG联合研究实验室的研究主任。2007年以来，他一直担任纽约大学语言学和心理学教授。自20世纪80年代以来，Marantz对句法理论做出了重大贡献，特别是关于句法论元的结构表征，以及这种表征的语义和形态含义。20世纪90年代初，Marantz与MIT著名语言学家Morris Halle一起提出了 “分布式形态学”（Distributed Morphology）的语法结构理论。最近，他一直在使用脑磁图(MEG)研究人类语言加工，特别是形态和心理词汇的加工。Marantz的语言学理论方法的特点是强调语言学的经验基础，包括(但不限于)来自母语者直觉、儿童语言、语言加工和语言的神经组织的证据。

Alec Marantz (born January 31, 1959) is an American linguist and researcher in the fields of syntax, morphology, and neurolinguistics. Until 2007, he was

Kenan Sahin Distinguished Professor of Linguistics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Research Director of KIT/MIT MEG Joint Research Lab. Since 2007, he has been Professor of Linguistics and Psychology at New York University. Since the 1980s Marantz has made significant contributions to syntactic theory, especially regarding the structural representation of syntactic arguments, and the semantic and morphological implications of this representation. In the early 1990s Marantz proposed (together with Morris Halle) a theory of architecture of grammar known as Distributed Morphology. More recently, he has been using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to study human language processing, particularly morphology and the mental lexicon. Marantz's approach to linguistic theory is characterized by its emphasis on the empirical base of linguistics, including (but not necessarily limited to) evidence from native-speaker intuitions, child language, language processing, and the neural organization of language. 

一种语言的使用者可以产出并且理解他们从未听过的句子。对这种能力的解释，人们通常会假设我们首先记住语言中的词，然后以此为基础生成句子（可参见平克的《词汇与规则》以及相关研究项目）。而一些来自关于脑与行为的证据 ——以及“Jabberwocky”此类无意义的言语——却显示我们实际上是生成单词、记住句子。一个更有说服力的解释则消除了记忆与生成之间的界限，并认为一个语言的（生成）语法系统实际上可以被看作是大脑存储单词和句子的方式，这些单词与句子从潜能来看具有无限性。本次讲座将评述驱动和支持这一结论的对语言敏感的MEG（脑磁图）研究。

Speakers of a language produce and understand sentences they have never heard before.  The usual explanation of this ability supposes that we memorize the words of a language and generate sentences from them – see Pinker’s Words and Rules and the research program it spawned.  Evidence from brains and behavior – and Jabberwocky -- suggests instead that we generate the words and memorize the sentences.  A more compelling explanation dissolves the distinction between memory and generation and identifies a (generative) grammar as the way in which brains store a potentially infinite set of words and sentences.  We will review linguistically sensitive MEG research that motivates and supports this conclusion. 

人物专栏 | Noam Chomsky教授访谈（下）

Noam Chomsky｜What Kind of Creatures are We?

理论与方法专栏 | 优选联接语法

会议通知｜第九届韵律语法研究国际研讨会

人物专栏 | Noam Chomsky教授访谈